Консолідований нагляд за діяльністю банківських груп і необхідність його застосування

Abstract

Досліджено питання необхідності впровадження нагляду на консолідованій основі за діяльністю фінансових установ-учасників банківських груп з метою забезпечення стабільності банківської системи та обмеження ризиків. Визначено права Національного банку України щодо встановлення вимог до певних видів діяльності членів банківських груп. Наведений перелік із 11 банківських груп, що працюють на території України. Окреслені основні позитивні аспекти функціонування банківських груп. The question of need of the implementation of the supervision over a consolidated basis of the activity of financial institutions – the members of banking groups are investigated to ensure the stability of the banking system and limit the risks. Enforceable rights of the National Bank of Ukraine on the application of unified rules in such activities of members of the banking group as: the system of corporate governance, the procedure of consolidation and reporting, the system of internal control and risk management, limit, norms of capital ratio are considered. However, there are issues which need improvement related to risk management and providing financial stability of the banking group. National Bank of Ukraine has the right to determine within the banking group subgroup consisting of at least two financial institutions and make them supervision on sub-consolidated basis for the purposes of supervision on a consolidated basis. The total amount of direct and / or indirect participation of members of banking group in the share capital of a legal entity that is not a financial institution should not exceed 15 percent of consolidated regulatory capital of the banking group. The total amount of direct and / or indirect participation of members of the banking group in the share capital of all entities that are not financial institutions should not exceed 60 percent of consolidated regulatory capital of the banking group. The amount of investment of the members of banking group in the capital of the insurance company (insurance companies) is excluded from regulatory capital of the banking group. There are several positive aspects of the creation of banking groups. Firstly, it will give the opportunity for the National Bank of Ukraine to apply the regulatory norms not only to banks but also to other financial institutions. Secondly, the supervision of the financial and credit sector on the consolidated basis will reduce the risks of the activity and increase the level of protection of the interests of depositors and investors members of banking groups.