Правовий нігілізм в Україні: поняття, форми прояву та шляхи подолання

Abstract

Розкрито зміст поняття та здійснено аналіз правового нігілізму як одного із розповсюджених видів деформації соціальної правосвідомості, досліджено структуру та найбільш типові форми вияву цього феномену. Вивчено соціальну небезпечність правового нігілізму на сучасному етапі розвитку української держави, що зумовлює надзвичайно тяжкі кризові стани у державі, такі, як підвищення рівня злочинності, економічні стагнації, корупція, охлократія, сепаратизм. Запропоновано шляхи подолання цього явища. The article deals with the concept and the analysis of the content of legal nihilism as one of the common types of deformation of social legal awareness, the study of the structure and the most typical forms of manifestation of this phenomenon, its social danger at the present stage of the development of the Ukrainian state and possible methods of its overcoming. On a personal level, legal nihilism can be in two forms: as a state of mood and as a method of action, a line of conduct. The latter is an indicator of harm and danger of the phenomenon. Actions are the fruits of thoughts, so the actions can determine the real presence and effects of legal nihilism. Increasing the legal nihilism occurs with decreasing the legal culture and legal consciousness. This means that our country should strive to increase the level of legal culture and consciousness. Legal nihilism is a form of social nihilism as a generic concept. Its essence is in general negative, careless attitude to law, rules, normative order, and in terms of reasons – legal backwardness, legal ill-breeding of the main mass of the population. Similar anti-legal positions and stereotypes are an element, line, feature of public consciousness and national psychology. Legal nihilism is a product of social relations, which is caused by a lot of causes and consequences. It is considered that it is impossible to overcome the legal nihilism fully, but it can be reduced to the minimum level by the application of measures. They are special legal measures aimed at forming a qualitatively new, efficient legal system; general social measures aimed at improving the objective conditions of life of the society, forming a new social environment; educational measures aimed at correcting the deformation of legal consciousness and enhancing the level of legal culture of the population.