Основні напрями вдосконалення адміністративної відповідальності іноземців та осіб без громадянства в Україні: сучасний стан та досвід зарубіжних країн

Abstract

Проаналізовано основні підходи щодо вдосконалення адміністративної відповідальності іноземців та осіб без громадянства в Україні на основі досвіду зарубіжних країн. Проведено порівняння поглядів сучасних дослідників та нормативно-правових актів, які містять характеристику цього правового інституту. Проаналізовано досвід європейських країн, що може бути основою для розвитку адміністративної відповідальності іноземців та осіб без громадянства в Україні. The author analyzes the main approaches to improving administrative responsibility of aliens and stateless persons in Ukraine based on the experience of foreign countries. The number of administrative offenses committed by foreigners and stateless persons in Ukraine and abroad takes a significant percentage. Administrative offenses are often committed by illegal immigrants. In particular, in Ukraine committing administrative offenses such as violation of the state border and staying illegally on the territory of Ukraine, living without registration, residence with invalid documents, failure to comply with the order of movement and choice of residence are dominated. Legal regulation of administrative responsibility of foreigners and stateless persons should be based both on ensuring public order and security of the state, and observance of rights and interests of aliens and stateless persons who became subjects of legal liability in a foreign country. The study of international experience in this field will contribute to improving internal affairs administration and provide the principles of humanism and legality. The main reform directions of the modern institution of the administrative responsibility in Ukraine are: improving the system of administrative legislation that defines administrative responsibility; the legal definition of subjects of the administrative responsibility and the consolidation of the administrative liability of legal entities; differentiation of administrative offenses and crimes; regulating administrative penalties and the order of their application; improving procedural rules of bringing to administrative responsibility. Each of these points of administrative responsibility is directly related to administrative responsibility of foreigners and stateless persons. In general, the EU system of administrative sanctions imposed on violators of the regime of staying of foreigners and stateless persons is harmonized.