Поняття справедливості в системі правозастосування як складової правового життя

Abstract

Досліджено справедливість як суспільну проблему, яка має важливе значення для теорії держави і права, яке особливо зростає в часи занепаду старих і утвердження нових порядків. Справедливість є ідеалом життя суспільства, а отже, держави і права як її складових, а також правозастосування під час юридичної практики; це одна з умов належного функціонування демократичних інститутів. Справедливість є виявом суспільного змісту людської діяльності. У цьому понятті відображено систему відносин між суспільством і його соціальними утвореннями, між соціальними утвореннями, суспільством і кожною особою, між окремими людьми. The article is devoted to the study of justice as a social problem, which is of important increasing significance for the theory of state and law especially in the period of decline of old and approval of new social order. Justice is an ideal for social life and, consequently, the state and law as its components, as well as law enforcement during the practice of law; it is one of the conditions for independent functioning of democratic institutions. Justice is a manifestation of the social content of human activity. This concept reflects the relationship between the society and its social formations, between social formations themselves, between the society and each individual and between individuals. The problem of justice needs to be considered from the position of human nature, and in order to combine it with the law, one must study a human being taking into account its inalienable rights. In the context of this study it should be noted that in the sence of humanism and democracy, justice is the most important criterion for estimating state and legal phenomena (we mean the estimation from the human point of view). In the civil society the attitude of the state toward an individual is the criterion according to which we check the morality and justice of the state, all its agencies, including law enforcement. Due to this criterion, a person evaluates such phenomena as corruption, abuse of parliamentary immunity, violations of applicable laws, ignoring the principle of legality that actually deprives officials of any responsibility. Since the essence of justice is dialectical, that is, dynamic, contradictory, integral and sepatate, it is not easy to determine it. From the theoretical and legal point of view justice is considered as an important valuable and ethical guideline for conservation and development of the society, a criterion for evaluating political and state and legal phenomena, which is designed to serve the common good and individual rights, the solution of legal controversies, being neutral, true, correct, and also justifies legal response to a particular activity, provides for equality before the law and the court, equality, conformity between the intention of a legislator and the means of its achievement he chooses.