Нотаріат і нотаріальне законодавство на Західноукраїнських землях за часів Австро-Угорщини (на прикладі Австрійського Нотаріального порядку від 25 липня 1871 р.)

Abstract

Розглянуто актуальні питання правового регулювання нотаріальної діяльності, органів нотаріату на українських землях у складі Австро-Угорської імперії. Охарактеризовано Закон від 25 липня 1871 року «Про обов’язковість нотаріального посвідчення деяких угод». Здійснено аналіз нормативного акта Австрійської імперії «Закону від 25 липня 1871 про запровадження нового Нотаріального порядку». Стверджено, що більшість норм Австрійського Нотаріального порядку досі актуальні. The study focuses on topical issues of legal regulation of notary activity, bodies of notary in Ukrainian lands within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The author characterizes the law of 25 July 1871 «On mandatory notary certification of certain agreements». This paper analyzes the regulation of the Austrian Empire «Law of July 25, 1871 on the Introduction of New Notary Order». It is proved that the majority of the regulations of Austrian notary order still remains actual. The article deals with the order of access to the profession of notary, including requirements for candidates for the post of notary. The process of entering the notary office involves the possession of a seal, bringing the oath and bail. The role of the Chamber of Notaries in the activities of notaries is considered. Attention is paid to monitoring the activities of notaries and methods of punishment in the disciplinary procedure. Features of notaries in Austria were on the one hand, the subject of corporate governance; on the other hand they were not separated from the general judicial system and were in strict dependence from both the Minister of Justice and the local judiciary. Special attention is paid to the order of substitution notary. Attention is paid to the restriction of the rights of notary acts in its name and on its behalf, in the name of or on behalf of his wife, her family and their direct or indirect relatives to the 4th degree of kinship. The duties of a notary are applied not only to preserve the secrets of his notary acts to the parties, but also oversee the secrecy of his assistants. The cases of termination of employment of the notaries are also observed. Particular attention is paid to the creation and functioning of notary archives. The analysis procedure of notary acts involves witnesses, including witnesses’ wills. In this case, it is noted that the notary, besides performing the duties, has the right to act as a witness. The procedure for registration of notary acts committed by a notary is examined. The author concludes that most of the rules of the procedure of Austrian Notaries remain relevant nowadays.