Формальна сепарація як умова розірвання шлюбу в законодавстві Литви та Мальти

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано законодавчі положення інституту сепарації в Литві та Мальті. Установлено, що ці держави обрали для себе модель правового регулювання сепарації, відповідно до якої визнається безпосередня залежність розірвання шлюбу від формальної сепарації (сепарації, оформленої рішенням компетентного органу). На підставі дослідження виокремлено характерні риси цієї моделі правового регулювання інституту сепарації. The institution of separation legislative provisions of those EU member states that have chosen a separation legal regulation model, according to which the direct dependence of divorce on separation is recognized, that means, the spouse who wishes to dissolve the marriage must be in a state of separation issued by competent authority decision for some time (formal separation) have been analysed. The EU member states Lithuania and Malta have chosen the defined separation model legal regulation. Based on this study, the characteristic features of this separation legal regulation model are highlighted in particular: - the main purpose of the separation institute in the legislation of these states is to allow the spouses time to determine the future for their marriage, which they want to choose: divorce or reconciliation; - a separate residence regime may be established by a decision of the competent authority (court, prosecutor, public administration) by mutual agreement or at the request of one of the spouses, despite the objections of the other; - the existence of a clear list of grounds in the legislation to establish separation on the application of one of the spouses; - the existence of any consequences of the individual residence regime is linked to the determination of the fault of one or both spouses in the establishment of a separate residence regime on one or another basis; - separation would result in the termination of the marital property regime, the termination of the marriage contract, except for provisions relating to the separate residence regime, and the termination of the paternity presumption.