Правове виховання старшокласників у виховній роботі загальноосвітньої школи (друга половина ХХ століття): автореферат

Abstract

Дисертаційну роботу присвячено питанням правового виховання старшокласників у виховній роботі загальноосвітньої школи другої половини ХХ ст. У роботі з’ясовано соціально-історичне та психолого-педагогічне підґрунтя проблеми правового виховання старшокласників у роботі загальноосвітньої школи; сформульовано цілі, завдання, завдання, зміст та принципи правового виховання старшокласників; проаналізовано прикладні аспекти правового виховання старшокласників. Основна увага приділяється розкриттю методики організації виховної роботи педагогів та учнів у контексті формування правової свідомості; виокремленню організаційних особливостей, форм і методів правового виховання; деталізації та класифікації його засобів. У ході наукового пошуку з’ясовано еволюцію цілей, завдань, змісту та принципів правового виховання старшокласників у досліджуваний період, яку розглянуто в контексті двох основних історіографічних періодів та визначено характерні для них тенденції розвитку. У дослідженні виокремлено педагогічно цінні надбання правовиховної діяльності другої половини ХХ століття, що можуть бути використані у сьогоденні; схарактеризовано сучасну концепцію правового виховання старшокласників та визначено її місце і роль у розбудові громадянського суспільства в Україні. The thesis is devoted to the problems of legal education of senior pupils in educational work of secondary school in the second half of the twentieth century. The social and historical as well as psychological and pedagogical foundations of the problem of legal education of senior pupils in the work of secondary school are cleared up, the objectives, content and principles of legal education of senior pupils are formulated and the practical aspects of legal education of senior pupils are analyzed in the thesis. A great attention is paid to the peculiarities of methods of organizing the educational work of teachers and pupils concerning the formation of legal consciousness as well as to distinguishing the organizational features, forms and methods of legal education, specification and classification of its means. In the course of scientific research the evolution of objectives, content and principles of legal education of senior pupils in the context of two major historiographical periods is revealed and the characteristic tendencies of the periods are determined. The pedagogically important achievements of legal and educational activity in the second half of the twentieth century, which can be used at the present time, are singled out. The thesis reflects the modern concept of legal education of senior pupils and its role in forming the civil society in Ukraine. It is proved that legal education was a part of integral pedagogical process and the realization of its tasks was provided with clear planning of legal and educational work in domestic secondary schools as well as observing certain organizational and pedagogical principles that guaranteed its effectiveness. The analysis of scientific sources gives grounds to assert that legal education of senior pupils in the second half of the twentieth century was realized by means of such forms of legal and educational work as a lesson, an elective, legal lectures, clubs and universities of legal knowledge, legal readings, evenings of questions and answers, subject disputes, theoretical conferences, oral journal, contests and quizzes, legal competitions, etc. There was also a great variety of methods (conversation, role playing, the educational method by example, the methods of persuasion, compulsion and activity) and means (periodicals, television, radio, cinema, theatre, fiction and popular scientific literature on moral and legal issues, stands, exhibitions, the corners of law literature in the libraries, wall newspapers) of legal education of senior pupils which were used during the lesson as well as in the process of extracurricular activities of secondary schools in the second half of the twentieth century. Such a variety of forms, methods and means of legal education of senior pupils had a positive influence on the formation of their legal consciousness and behaviour and the ability to make decisions in specific life situations. Moreover, it required young people to know not only their civil rights and obligations but also formed the ability of appropriate legal behaviour. The pedagogically important achievements of legal and educational activity in the second half of the twentieth century which can be used at the present time are singled out in the thesis, namely the implementation of legal education as an integral system based on the principles of consistency, succession and regularity by combining the efforts of all educational and extracurricular institutions, the improvement of legal knowledge of senior pupils by introducing the legal electives in schools, the resumption of people’s universities of legal knowledge, which were organized in educational establishments in the second half of the twentieth century and on the basis of which the senior pupils got acquainted with the work of police, prosecutors, People’s Court etc, the cooperation of secondary schools with pedagogical higher educational establishments, in the course of which such common forms of legal and educational work of students and pupils could be used as subject evenings, evenings of questions and answers, anti-alcohol clubs, lectures, legal readings, excursions, oral journals etc, the cooperation between schools and families concerning legal education of pupils which involves increasing the level of parental responsibilities for their children’s upbringing.