Криміналістична характеристика способів учинення шахрайства з використанням пластикових платіжних карток

Abstract

На підставі узагальнення даних слідчої та судової практики досліджено відомості про найпоширеніші способи вчинення шахрайства з використанням пластикових платіжних карток. Запропоновано комплекс заходів у боротьбі з шахрайством цього виду: розробка відповідного законодавства; поліпшення системи навчання та тренування співробітників правоохоронних органів і банківського персоналу; налагодження взаємодії між правоохоронними органами та банківськими установами; роз’яснювальна робота серед користувачів пластиковими платіжними картками; підготування сучасних методичних рекомендацій і впровадження їх у діяльність правоохоронних органів. The information of the most common ways of committing fraud using plastic payment cards, which is based on generalization of the data of investigative and judicial practice, is researched in the article. The complex measures on revealing and prevention of the specified criminal offenses is offered here. The author points out that the fraud investigation into using plastic cards due to the significant amount of work, terms of specificity investigation, the need for complex search operations and investigative (detective) action. However, in practice, operational and investigative staff do not always have the necessary knowledge on how to commit this type of fraud for its successful detection and investigation. Among the many types of fraud with bank cards and ATMs is becoming popular using by criminals of this method of fraud as «social engineering» – a way of communication cheater with a client of a bank that allows you to bring something (eg, money from the card account) to learn all the necessary data on the person. This indicates that criminals are becoming more inventive, involving for illegal activities not only advanced technologies but also psychological techniques. The information of the way of committing fraud using plastic cards is the basis for the nomination versions; planning and organization of the investigation; choosing the optimal direction of the investigation; prediction mechanism of the offense; developing measures to prevent such crime is noted in the article. The maim aim in the article is to summarize and organize the available information on methods of committing fraud with plastic cards. The complex measures infighting against fraud are: the development of appropriate legislation by examining the positive experience of other countries, improving education and training of law enforcement officials and bank staff. It is also establishing cooperation between law enforcement agencies and banking institutions in this direction and related awareness among users of plastic payment cards. Particular attention paid to the development of modern guidelines relating to the method of investigating fraud which are committed using plastic cards and implementation them in law enforcement activities.