Українські адвокати у політичних судових процесах у Галичині 1930-х років

Abstract

Висвітлено питання дослідження ролі інституту адвокатури у здійсненні ідеї права, зокрема правосуддя, в історичному вимірі судових процесів Східної Галичини 30-х років ХХ століття. З огляду на узагальнення наукових позицій щодо досліджуваної проблеми суспільно-політичних змін, які відбулись в історії українського народу, здійснено теоретико-правове осмислення практичної діяльності судових адвокатів у вказаний період. Розкрито роль інституту адвокатури у здійсненні ідеї права та у правосудді. One of the basic values of both society and the state is law the content of which in legal science is revealed through the law. Taking into account interaction of various types of legal cultures a number of questions is raised, namely: what is the content of the idea of law, is it universal, how this idea is realized. The answer can be found in the results of the research of the factors of law idea formation, in particular – the institute of the Bar. While paying due tribute to the academic elaborations of both national and foreign scholars in researching the problem in question, one should note that certain scientific issues regarding the role of the Bar institute in the implementation of the idea of law and, in particular, the idea of justice, is still little-investigated. Therefore, there is a need for further research of the essence of such institute, specification of the professional and legal basis of its functioning. Nowadays it is possible to get access to the materials prepared by famous Ukrainian lawyers, in particular, materials of the historical court processes of the 1930s in Eastern Galicia (materials of criminal cases on Zenon Pelenskyi, Mykola Lemyk, etc.) which rarely have been in the focus of the research. In such understanding the institute of the Bar in the part of the Ukrainian Bar of Eastern Galicia of that time can be viewed as one of the factors of modern Ukrainian statehood formation. However, this formation is quite contradictory as it is politically stipulated. Thus, it is a good idea to further research the role of the Bar of the time in administering justice regarding the peculiarities of certain court processes. The article highlights the issue of researching the role of the institute of the Bar in the implementation of the idea of law, justice in particular, in historical dimension of the court processes in Eastern Galicia in the 1930s. Taking into account generalizations of the scientific positions on the researched issue of social and political changes that took place in the history of the Ukrainian people, theoretical and legal conceptualization of court lawyers՚ activity during the aforementioned period is done. The role of the institute of the Bar in administering justice and making law is shown.