Становлення та розвиток інституту місцевої публічної влади на українських землях

Abstract

Досліджено історичний розвиток правового регулювання взаємодії місцевих органів управління та самоврядування в Україні. Зазначено, що централізація влади у Київській Русі не сприяла взаємодії княжої (публічної) влади із общинами. Подальший історичний розвиток взаємодії місцевої публічної влади на українських землях узалежнювався від розвитку місцевого самоврядування та його сутності. Вказано, що радянський період розвитку ґрунтувався на принципах повновладдя рад і демократичного централізму. The article deals with the historical development of legal regulation of interaction between local authorities and local self-government bodies in Ukraine. The centralization of power in Kievan Rus did not contribute to cooperation between the prince՚s (public) power and communities. Strengthening the role of communities took place in the era of the Middle Ages; it evidenced in the historical sources of the contractual relationship of the Prince with people that date back to the 12th century, when the Prince power was weaken and the value of the public meeting was increased. This period is characterized by the beginning of the distribution of public authority and affirms evolutionism of the development of local public authority on the Ukrainian lands that took place synchronously with the European processes of the development of statehood and self-government. Further historical development of interaction between local public authorities throughout the Ukrainian lands depended on local self-government development and its essence: either strengthening of municipalism in Cossack time, a period of national liberation movements, or its weakening when the Ukrainian lands were a part of foreign countries. Therefore during the Liberation war of Ukrainian people control system consisted of three stages. The local administration was carried out by regimental and sotnic governments, as well as elected persons in cities and villages. In the first half of the nineteenth century the system of provincial administration consisted of the Governor, the provincial government and provincial agencies of fiscal chamber, recruits, police, court and other bodies, subordinated to the Governor. The Soviet period of legal regulation development based on the principles of councils sovereignty and democratic centralism. The elaboration of modern legal principles of cooperation between local state administrations and local selfgovernment bodies should be based on historical models of their coexistence and collaboration.