Теоретико-психологічні засади дослідження професійної деформації працівників Національної поліції України

Abstract

Зазначено, що, незважаючи на давність перманентних спроб дослідити феномен професійної деформації працівників поліції, чималий обсяг наукових розвідок, присвячених дослідженню різноманітних виявів цього феномену, серед науковців немає єдиної загальноприйнятої думки стосовно детермінант його виникнення, наявні різночитання поняття. Аргументовано, що працівники Національної поліції України у своїй повсякденній професійній діяльності постійно зіштовхуються з негативними явищами, протиправною поведінкою, комунікують з асоціальними представниками кримінальної субкультури, протистоять неправомірним впливам, зіштовхуються з оманою і помилками, негативним ставленням до себе та своєї професійної діяльності. The article states that despite the variety of permanent attempts to investigate the phenomenon of professional deformation of police officers, and despite the considerable amount of scientific research devoted to the study of various manifestations of this phenomenon, there is no commonly accepted opinion among scientists about the determinants of its occurrence, this why there are differences in the concept of this phenomenon itself. It is stated and confirmed that the officers of the National Police of Ukraine in their daily professional activities usually are influenced with various negative phenomenon’s such as unlawful behavior, communication with typical representatives of the criminal subculture of society, dealing with law offences of various types, usual confusion determined by misconceptions and mistakes in daily routines, negative social perception of their social role and their professional activities or tasks. It was underlined that in the professional-moral sphere the professional deformation of the police officers is manifested by the lowering of the level of an adequate indication of the social, psychological and moral content of their professional tasks, the formation of a negative perception of future professional growth, the devaluation of the importance of their profession in the officer’s con-sciousness, the growth of egocentrism and selfishness, which in turn leads to the formal fulfillment of professional tasks as well as to the use of their professional capabilities to satisfy their personal goals; in the intellectual sphere professional deformation manifests itself in the absence of independent decision-making and furthermore, - the lack of desire for further professional education and development; stereotypical predisposition to brutal action; lack of skills in production of nonstandard decisions in extreme and risky situations; unreasonably high selfishness; development of a hypertrophied self-perception of their professional abilities; in the emotional sphere professional deformation manifests itself in the «general roughening of the individual», in the restriction and misery of the emotional and psychological sphere as well as in the reduction of self-control of person’s psycho-emotional state, that leads to the increase of the level of excitability and irritability, and sometimes determines conflicts that sometimes lead to depressive states. It has been stated that the prevention of professional deformation of the officers of the National Police of Ukraine should be based on the systematic consideration of the personal, microsystem, macrosystem determinants that cause this phenomenon. In the realms where the professional deformation of National Police officers is obviously a widespread phenomenon, considerable actions towards its prevention should be made according to the certain strategy that will include a number of measures to improve the following aspects: the profession-psychological training of the personality of a policeman in the terms of teaching the policemen of basic techniques and methods of psychological support for personal security in risky and extreme situations; development of the skills of psychological preparation, that are aimed to stop illegal actions; facilitation skills.