Заходи індивідуальної профілактики (попередження) злочинів у кримінально-виконавчих установах

Abstract

Розглянуто поняття та розкрито зміст індивідуальної профілактики злочинності в кримінально-виконавчих установах. Охарактеризовано структуру і форми індивідуальної профілактики пенітенціарних злочинів. Окреслено фактори, що зумовлюють застосування індивідуальнопрофілактичних заходів до засуджених, які перебувають в установах виконання покарання. Визначено основні категорії засуджених, які потребують профілактичного впливу. Перелічено заходи та методи, що їх необхідно застосовувати до засуджених з метою відмови від вчинення ними злочинів під час відбування покарання у виправних колоніях. The concept and content of individual crime prevention in criminalexecutive institutions are considered. The structure and forms of individual prevention of penitentiary crimes are characterized. The factors that determine the use of individual and preventive measures for the convicts in penitentiary institutions are outlined. The basic categories of convicts that require prophylactic influence are determined. The basic measures and methods that must be applied to the convicts with the purpose of refusing to commit crimes during the serving of punishment in correctional colonies are revealed. Individual prevention should be directed towards the person, as well as to the conditions, circumstances, situations that facilitate the committal of criminal penalties or contribute to it. These measures play the role of a social tool designed to neutralize or eliminate negative internal features, to adjust behavior. Despite the isolation of criminals from the society in correctional colonies, they continue to commit crimes and other offences, therefore criminality in the places of deprivation of liberty should be considered as a complex, negative social and legal phenomenon, which is a specific type of relapse and is expressed in the aggregate of acts prohibited by criminal law, that are executed by convicts serving sentences for the previous crime in correctional colonies. Successful prevention of crimes among convicts is possible provided the purposeful training of the staff of correctional colonies methods and techniques of such activities. Crime prevention during the execution of criminal penalties is an activity aimed at identifying, eliminating, neutralizing or blocking the causes and conditions of penitentiary criminality and criminal behavior. Prevention is divided into levels and species, it has its own subjects and objects, methods and techniques, can be predicted and programmed. Recently, in addition to prevention, the subject of criminology includes such forms of action as struggle and war, compromise, rehabilitation, organization, management, etc. At the general level, individual preventive measures of units of criminal executive agencies are aimed at limiting the illegal actions of convicts in order to eliminate negative phenomena and processes related to crime.