Поліцейське піклування в діяльності підрозділів Національної поліції України

Abstract

У статті розглянуто правові підстави, види та порядок застосування поліцейського превентивного заходу як поліцейське піклування і наголошено, що є важливим питанням для практичної діяльності органів Національної поліції, а також для наукової діяльності вчених. The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between the concepts of "care" and "police care", the definition of the grounds and conditions for the use of police care and the analysis of problematic aspects of the use of this police measure in the activities of the National Police units. The problematic issues of establishing police guardianship of minors under the age of 16 are investigated, the status and categories of persons left without guardianship are determined, attention is drawn to the lack of unity of legislative prescriptions regarding the age of a person to whom police guardianship can be applied, which affects performance of the National Police employees of their functional duties. The conclusion on the need to further improve the provisions of Article 41 of the Law of Ukraine "On the National Police" in order to reconcile with the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Psychiatric Care" is substantiated, since they are ignored when applying police custody to a person who is suspected of escaping from a psychiatric institution or a specialized medical institution , without the involvement of a psychiatrist will lead to a violation of the presumption of mental health and the right of a citizen to express his informed consent to receive psychiatric medical assistance. The author comes to the conclusion that the regulatory principles of police care as a preventive police measure, defined in the Law of Ukraine "On the National Police", on the one hand contain legislative novelties unknown to the past practice of law enforcement agencies, and on the other hand, the mechanism of their application requires clarification and concretization in view of the aforementioned gaps in lawmaking. Subjects of the application of police care to the persons defined in Part 1 of Article 41 of the specified Law are, first of all, patrol police officers who patrol a certain territory of a settlement or outside its boundaries. At the same time, the list of such persons needs to be concretized and normatively consolidated, taking into account the analysis of the results of law enforcement practice.