Стрес у професійній діяльності правоохоронців: до теорії дослідження

Abstract

Розглянуто теорію дослідження професійного стресу працівників екстремальних професій, розкрито сучасні підходи до прогнозування можливих наслідків діяльності людини за умов впливу стрес-чинників підвищеної інтенсивності. Досліджено наукові підходи до вивчення проблеми стресу в контексті пошуку способів зниження рівня професійного стресу в працівників Національної поліції України. Проаналізовано фізіологічні, психологічні та поведінкові категорії виміру причин і ефектів професійного стресу. Research theory of occupational stress of law enforcement officers is analyzed. Modern approaches to predicting the possible consequences of human activity under conditions of stress factors increased intensity are revealed. Scientific approaches to the problem of stress in the context of finding ways to reduce the level of occupational stress of criminal police officers are examined. It is singled out that a person responds not only to the real danger, but also to the threats and signs of danger, that are connected with the past experience. This is what allows a person to be in a certain state of readiness, to indulge protective mechanisms in a short period of time that separates the exposure of stress from the manifestation of its aspects. This readiness is not only the result of many socio-economic impacts and emotional conflicts, but also is a necessary condition for survival. The physiological, psychological and behavioral categories of measuring the causes and effects of occupational stress are analyzed. It is proved that the implementation of operative and official duties, unlike civil conditions, necessarily involves the existence of objective difficulties and the need for serious limitations: reduced opportunity for hobbies, limited social circle, difficult or suspended ties with family, the inevitable rejection of some habits for the sake of service interests and the fulfillment of the requirements of the staff. Conditions of any kind of professional activity of police officers depend on the characteristics of social and psychological environment in which law enforcement officer operates. The growth of the occupational stress is strongly influenced by the system of social values, social evaluation of the importance of law enforcement activity and its attractiveness. Occupational stress of the police officers is an adaptive mechanism that allows the body of a professional who appears in an extremely difficult situation to concentrate and mobilize his strength and find the best way out.