Особливості терапевтичних методів у подоланні сімейних проблем у подружніх відносинах

Abstract

Зауважено, що у сімейній терапії науковці та практики застосовують багатовимірний спектр теоретичних підходів і методик для надання дієвої психодопомоги клієнтам. Практичні напрацювання в цьому напрямі постійно удосконалюються поняттями та техніками, тому виокремлюють такі напрями психотерапевтичних методів у наданні кваліфікованої психодопомоги дисфункціональним сім’ям: 1) індивідуальна психотерапевтична робота; 2) системна психотера-пія; 3) синенргізм психодинамічної та системної психотерапії. The scientists and practitioners use theoretical approaches and methods for providing effective psychological assistance to customers in family therapy practice. Practical experience in this area is constantly developing, interchanging concepts and techniques. Thereby, the following areas of psychotherapeutic methods of psychological assistance to dysfunctional families are distinguished: 1) psychotherapists, who focus on individual therapeutic work, focus on one client, sometimes meet his family, which they interpret as a stress factor. The task of the therapist is to collect historical information, psychological diagnostics, to monitor the expression of emotions and insight; 2) systemically oriented therapists, while family therapy is considered as the functional approach to solving problems with mental health it is important to involve all family members to solve the problem, the individuality of each family participant is seen as a symptom of the crisis, the attention of the psychologist is primarily focused on real interaction, without any psychological diagnostics; 3) psychotherapists effectively combine psychodynamic and systemic orientation. Therefore, family therapy is a complex psychotherapeutic methods and techniques aimed at treating the client in the family and through the family, as well as providing essential optimization of family relationships. Family psychotherapy as a special type of psychotherapy is aimed at correcting interpersonal relationships and overcoming emotional disorders in the family, and the most severe symptoms in troubled family members. At all stages of the psychotherapeutic process there is constant engagement of two interrelated psychological aspects – awareness and reconstruction of person’s attitudes.