Сутність характеристики складових елементів економічної безпеки національної економіки

Abstract

Розглянуто проблеми досягнення ефективності національної економіки та забезпечення безпеки її функціонування й розвитку. Проаналізовано теоретичні підходи до визначення категорії «економічна безпека», наведено складові економічної безпеки національної економічної системи, з’ясовано чинники, які впливають на формування економічної безпеки держави. Обґрунтовано напрями підвищення ефективності функціонування вітчизняної економічної системи з погляду системності економічного розвитку та гарантування економічної безпеки України. Authors investigate the problems of the national economy efficiency and the safety of its operation and development in this article. Problems of efficiency of the national economy have always occupied an important place in the economic science. The increased interest to the economic security of the state by scientists, entrepreneurs, politicians shows how crucial is role of the national economy in ensuring internal and external security of the country, in shaping of optimal government strategy that promotes economic development and ensures a high efficiency of functioning of the economic system. Under these conditions, competitive market relations become the basic source of hazards, risks and emergency situations in the national economy management. Economic security is a universal category that reflects the protection of subjects of socio-economic relations at all levels, from the state to every citizen. Economic security policy must not only maintain its stability to internal and external threats, but also to ensure the possibility of effective functioning and sustainable development of the national economic system. The main goal of providing economic security to the national economic system is a comprehensive solution to the problem of transition to sustainable functioning and development, while ensuring stable economic growth based on improved competitiveness and effective satisfaction of social needs, high quality administrative management, the ability of realization of national interests on the world market, ensuring decent life conditions, the elimination of environmental and other emerging threats. The state’s economic security characterizes the ability of the national economy to expand by self-reproduction with the aim of balanced satisfaction of populations needs at a certain level, ability to oppose various destabilizing factors (internal and external) and ensure effective operation of production systems and competitiveness of the national economy into the world economy system. The ways of providing economic security to the economic system of Ukraine are very important and must be developed and researched.