Продовольчий комплекс у системі агропромислового виробництва України

Abstract

Розглянуто проблеми розвитку продовольчого комплексу у системі агропромислового виробництва та шляхи їхнього вирішення. Здійснена оцінка стану виробництва та споживання продуктів харчування населенням України, визначено рівень самозабезпечення основними видами продовольчої продукції населення та встановлено ті групи продовольства, які Україні необхідно імпортувати. Проаналізовано показники ефективності агропромислового виробництва та зроблені необхідні висновки. This article is devoted to the problems of food complex system of agroindustrial production and ways of solving them. The estimation of the state of production and consumption of food the population of Ukraine is made, self-sufficient in basic types of food of population is calculated and those groups of food that Ukraine must import are defined. The analysis of food consumption population of Ukraine for 1 person for 2012 showed that some products are not made in production, which would provide physiological nutritional standards of the population. Agricultural production country provides existing need only bread and cereal products, potatoes, butter, sugar, vegetables and melons etc. Although the consumption of meat and meat products in 2012 is 68% of normal, milk and dairy products – 56,6%, fish and fish products – 68%, fruits, berries and grapes – at 59,3% which proves the underproduction of food types. The structure of sales of food products in the areas of implementation in 2012, found growing share of sales to commercial businesses to what accounts for 80,1% of total sales. Second place is occupied by processing companies that sell 13,1% of the total agricultural production, the markets sold 4,5% of these products, 2,0% – issued to shareholders due rent, but only 0,3% of agricultural products to the population in payment for work. Exploring the effectiveness of the food sector, taking into account the performance gains from the sale of food products and the profitability of production for years 2000–2012 is revealed that the rate of return over the period tends to increase.