Надзвичайні правові режими у сфері публічного права

Abstract

Досліджено надзвичайні правові режими у сфері публічного права в Україні. На підставі системного аналізу розглянуто особливості правового регулювання, характерного надзвичайним правовим режимам у галузях права, які належать до публічного права, у контексті необхідності забезпечення територіальної цілісності держави, боротьби з сепаратизмом. Проаналізовано вплив міжнародного права на формування надзвичайних правових режимів із метою подальшого розвитку системи управління державою в умовах надзвичайного стану і в особливий період. The article deals with the investigation of emergency legal regimes in the field of public law of Ukraine in the context of the need to ensure the territorial integrity of the state, the fight against separatism. The purpose of the emergency legal regimes is the regulation of complicated, non-standard social relations; elimination of interferences with the process of satisfying the legitimate interests of subjects; deterrence of unlawful behavior that infringes the interests of a person, society, state; stimulation of positive development of social relations, social and active behavior of subjects. Objectives of emergency regimes are achieved with the help of their functions, which have a certain specificity related to the use of legal means. Emergency legal regimes perform the following functions: regulatory, stimulating, restrictive, motivational, valuable and orientational, educational, social control, communicative and compensatory. Emergency legal regimes consist of interacting legal means of stimulating and limiting orientation, united by three types of connections (functional, essential and operating). From a functional point of view, the structure of emergency regimes consists of elements of the mechanism of legal regulation: rules of law governing the complex situations of social, natural and man-caused, international and other types; legal facts; emergency legal relationships; acts of implementing persons’ rights and obligations; acts of applying law, acts of interpreting law; legal awareness, legal culture of participants of emergency legal relations, legal status of subjects and objects of law. From the essential point of view, emergency regimes consist of stimulating and restrictive legal means and their influence on subjects. The third group of elements of emergency regimes (operating) is formed on the basis of the analysis used by the subjects of operating means; the assessment of their use depending on particular complicated social relations.