Дія актів тлумачення норм права за колом осіб

Abstract

Досліджено питання, пов’язані з дією актів тлумачення норм права за колом осіб. Окреслено коло осіб, які підпадають під дію нормативного акта і визначаються обсягом і специфікою правового статусу суб’єктів. Здійснено класифікацію за характером політико-правового зв’язку суб’єкта з державою. Також наведено видову характеристику дії норматив-них актів за колом осіб залежно від обсягу їх правового статусу (загальної дії; спеціальної дії; виняткової дії). Для кращого розуміння дії акта тлумачення норм права за колом осіб роз’яснено наявність чи відсутність в осіб юридичного імунітету. The article deals with the issues concerning the operation of acts of interpretation of rules of law according to a circle of persons. The circle of persons, who are subject to the operation of a normative act and are determined by the scope and peculiarities of the legal status of subjects, is analyzed. The classification according to the nature of the political and legal relation of the subject with the state is carried out. The characteristic of the operation of normative acts according to the circle of persons depending on the scope of their legal status (general; special; exceptional) is distinguished. For a better understanding of the operation of the act of interpretation of rules of law according to a circle of persons, the presence or absence of persons’ legal immunity is described. The operation of acts of interpretation of rules of law according to a circle of persons is characterized in compliance with the fact to which legal entities a formal obligation of legal norms extends, the content of legal norms is explained in interpretative acts. This legal feature of such acts is largely determined by the validity in time and in space, because any subject always stays on a territory and acts in a certain time. Nevertheless, the validity of the act of interpretation according to the circle of subjects does not coincide completely with two displays of its validity: promulgation of the acts of interpretation and operation of the acts of interpretation in space. Therefore there is a need to study this issue. All authors investigating the legal nature of the acts of interpretation of rules of law point out at an independent criterion for their classification, in particular, the circle of persons to whom these acts are addressed. However, they consider this question literally on one-three pages. In our opinion, this aspect of the problem is so varied, it is theoretically and practically important, that we decided to give it more attention. Under a general principle, the validity of the legislation of the state extends to all persons residing at its territory. It is stipulated by the sovereignty of state power. In this way the principles of the equality of all people before the law, regardless of their biological and social characteristics, are implemented. And it meets the conception of the fundamental rights of each person, the principles of the rule of law.