Підстави та процесуальний порядок проведення слідчого експерименту

Abstract

Проаналізовано питання щодо підстав і процесуального порядку проведення слідчої (розшукової) дії – слідчого експерименту. Зосереджено увагу на з’ясуванні мети та умов проведення слідчого експерименту. Досліджено процесуальний статус суб’єктів кримінального провадження, які ухвалюють рішення і здійснюють слідчий експеримент, а також суб’єктів, яких можна залучати до його проведення. Здійснено аналіз положень кримінального проце суального законодавства України, реалізація яких безпосередньо пов’язана з проведенням слідчого експерименту. In this article the author states that the purpose of conducting investigative experiment is the verification and specification of information, which is important for discovering circumstances of criminal violation; the point of investigative experiment is the reproduction of events, situation, circumstances of a certain event, and also conducting of necessary experiments and tests; the grounds for conducting investigative experiment are information, verification and specification of which is important for discovering circumstances of criminal violation. It has been found out that investigative experiment cannot be conducted in all cases, but only if there are four conditions: investigative experiment cannot be performed if it may cause disturbance of public order, harm the state interests or interests of certain persons; no actions that destroy honour and dignity of its participants, endanger their lives and health, should be done; the situation, similar or almost the same sort of, in which the criminal event was taking place, should be reproduced; a voluntary consent of persons, information about which as to their participation in experimental actions is verified and specified, should be obtained. The author has studied the procedural status of subjects of criminal procedure, that make decisions of conducting and they actually conduct the experiment, and also status of subjects, that may be get involved in carrying out investigative experiment. The author has analyzed typical grounds for conducting the investigative experiment and stated that experimental actions, which may be performed within the investigative experiment, can be divided into two groups: 1 – actions, related to reproduction of actions; 2 – actions, related to reconstruction of situation and circumstances of the event. Moreover, the analysis of provisions of the criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine, realization of which is directly related to conducting of investigative experiment, has been done.