Семіотика права: історія становлення в Україні та Росії

Abstract

Наголошено, що прикладів використання семіотики українськими науковцями у сфері функціонування права майже немає, хоча є певні вагомі кроки у цьому напрямі. Продемонстровано результати наукових напрацювань у цій сфері українських учених у зіставленні їх з розвідками російських семіотиків. На основі аналізу наукових праць із проблем семіотики (семіології), зокрема у застосуванні цих знань до праворозуміння, авторка обґрунтувала власну позицію про становлення семіотики права як нової філософсько-правової парадигми зі своїм предметом вивчення і методологічним підходом. On the basis of analysis of scientific labors from the problems of semiotics, in particular in application to understanding of law, an author destroys own position about becoming of semiotics of law as new philosophical-legal paradigms with the article of study and methodological approach. The author takes problem study of law as a system of social characters in science. The symbolic of law referred in scientific research of psychology, sociology, logic, linguistics and even the theory of public administration. But there are many issues that remain controversial and require proper solution concept in law: from the categorical distinction between areas of semiotics (mostly applies semiotics and semiology) and defining the scope of the scientific origin of semiotics of law (general theory or philosophy of law) – to the ontological relationship of signifier signified as elements of the legal sign (directly or through consciousness) and the recognition of their influence in the legal behavior of social actors. There are other problems that remained unnoticed scientists. Although the semiotic approach are beginning to be used in the study of legal practice (lawmaking, official interpretation, criminology, justice, etc.), is not studied the concept of semiotics of law as a new direction of philosophy of law, which may provide legal research and law as a system of specific functional oriented characters. Therefore, the objective outlined circle study isolates for the study and analysis of semiotic forms of being law (signs, codes, their social cues), cognitive properties of legal signs, their social dependency, functionality and pragmatism in the context of relationships, which generally suggests semiotics of law as philosophical legal approaches with its subject and methodological approaches.