Принципи організації та здійснення державного нагляду і контролю у сфері освіти

Abstract

Проаналізовано теоретичні підходи до визначення принципів організації та здійснення державного нагляду і контролю в сфері освіти у контексті європейської інтеграції України в умовах реформаційних процесів, що відбуваються у системі національної освіти. Зауважено на наявність кількох основних моделей регулювання державного нагляду та контролю в сфері освіти, заснованих на певному переліку принципів. Обґрунтовано потребу перегляду правових засад державного нагляду та контролю у сфері вищої освіти, зокрема апробованого часом і практикою позитивного досвіду щодо звуження сфери такого контролю, створення спеціалізованих суб’єктів контролю з активною участю громадськості, впровадження оптимальних форм і методів, посилення засад прозорості, оперативності, неупередженості. Legal regulation of the educational relationship is a special legal structure, an object of which is a specifi social benefi that includes a system of knowledge acquired by man in the process of education and upbringing. The content of educational relations is the relationship between the educational organization and individuals who study, concerning the education of a certain level, the main characteristics of which are determined by the program in accordance with the requirements stipulated by the state educational standard. Educational relations are characterized by the objective necessity and expediency, high signifiance, will of the subject, frequency, persistence, prevalence, mass character, continuity. Educational relations, which form the system in the sphere of education, should obtain maximum regulation in legal norms. Other relationships, related to education, are subject to control by the provisions of the legislation on education concerning the features of their implementation. State supervision and control in the fild of education are based on principles differing in nature and purpose: state supervision and control is a function of the executive power, which is embodied in a single supervisory and control function of public administration, is based on the principles of state administration, that is, objective and essential principles of the organization of this administration; state supervision and control in the fild of education are implemented in the legal forms of state control over the quality of education and state supervision in the fild of education, is based on certain legal principles, which are special links of the structure of law, inseparable from the existing legal norms. In the context of the Law of Ukraine «On Education» No. 2145-VIII of September 5, 2017, the principles of state control are divided into: – principles of organization of state control. These include: principles of distribution of supervisory and control powers between the executive authorities of Ukraine; principles of linearity and functionality in the organization of work of state supervision and control bodies and their offiials; the principle of legality in the organization of the system of state control bodies. These principles determine the basis for building a system and structure of supervisory bodies in the fild of education, consolidating their legal status; – principles of the implementation of state supervision and control in the fild of education: they establish common approaches to the direct control and supervision measures; on the basis of principles a system of rights and obligations of executive bodies and their offiials at carrying out of inspections, as well as controlled and supervised legal and natural persons is created.