Мінімальний вік медичного працівника як спеціального суб'єкта деяких складів злочинів

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано питання про те, з якого віку особа може бути медичним працівником та підлягати кримінальній відповідальності як спеціальний суб’єкт деяких складів злочинів. З’ясовано, що мінімальний вік медичного працівника можна визначити лише умовно, оскільки він залежить від сукупності кваліфікаційних вимог, які висуваються до відповідної професії. The present article analyzes the issue of determining at what age a person could be a medical officer and subject to criminal liability as a special subject of certain offenses. It determines the offences, in which the medical officer is a special subject. It has been established that in some offences there is an express “positive” or “negative” reference to a medical officer in the disposition of articles. In a number of offences, although there is no indication to the appropriate special subject, this is indicated by other elements essential to the offence or the penal part of Article. The paper analyzes the points of view expressed in the criminal law literature regarding the minimum age of a medical officer as a special subject of certain offences. This made it possible to distinguish several positions on the relevant issue. In particular, some scholars believe that a medical officer as a special subject of certain offences could be an individual who has reached the age of 16 years, others believe – 18 years, while still other believe – 24 years. Based on the studies by various academics and legislation, it is determined that the minimum age of a medical officer can be determined only conditionally, since it depends on the set of qualification requirements applicable to the relevant profession. The paper justifies that it is inappropriate to scientifically determine the minimum age of a medical officer as a special subject of certain offences. It is proposed to clarify it in each case separately. This should take into account the norm contained in Article 22 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and determine whether it goes beyond its limits.