Психологічні особливості відтермінованого впливу дитячих психотравм на психічний стан особистості у дорослому віці

Abstract

Аргументовано необхідність аналізу проблеми насильства над дітьми та наведено результати емпіричного дослідження психологічних особливостей відтермінованого впливу дитячих психотравм на психічний стан особистості у дорослому віці. Емпірично доведено: дитина, яка спостерігала насильство над матірʼю, стає у дорослому віці більш схильною до агресивної поведінки як способу компенсації своєї тривожності й недовіри до світу; сексуальне насильство над дітьми повʼязане з фізичним насильством над ними; жінки значно частіше порівняно з чоловіками потрапляють під вплив сексуального насильства; в занедбаних дітей у дорослому віці частіше виникають негативні думки про себе, комплекси меншовартості та параноїдальні стани як наслідок перенесення в доросле життя оцінних суджень у дитинстві стосовно себе. The article presents the necessity to study the problem of violence against children. The study of the psychological features of the delayed influence of childrenʼs psycho-traumatic events in the adulthood is relevant both in social and scientific terms. Currently, the problem of violence against children, their experiencing mental trauma is significant in connection with the increase in the number of man-made disasters, terrorist acts, hostilities, economic crises. The childhood psycho-traumatic problems experienced by a person influence the vital activity of the individual, breaking the integrity of his mental world, transforming his life, changing his life position in society and in private life. Manifestations of mental trauma are considered as all kinds of emotional, behavioral, physical complications that have to be experienced by a child who has fallen under the influence of a traumatic event. In general, they are consistent with the symptoms of PTSR, and also include depression, anxiety, behavioral disorders, and in particular the use of psychoactive substances, self-harm, lack of trust and emotional instability. The results of the empirical study of psychological peculiarities of the delayed influence of childrenʼs psychotraums on the psychic state of the personality in adulthood are presented. It is empirically proven that a child who observed violence against her mother becomes more aggressive in aging as a way of compensating her own anxiety and distrust to the world; sexual violence against children is closely linked to physical violence against them; women are much more likely to be sexually abused than men; abandoned children in their adulthood, are characterized by negative thoughts on themselves; complexes of inferiority and paranoid states often occur, as a result of the transfer of valuable judgments of oneself from childhood into the adult life. The obtained results may become the prospect of further research of the delayed influence of psychotraumatic situations on the formation of the individual, and can also be used for the development of basic theoretical and methodical methods of trusteeship and educational activities, preventive activities of teachers, psychologists, and social pedagogues on the problem of violence against children.