Економічна безпека держави: історичні аспекти та характеристика сутності

Abstract

Розглянуто історичні аспекти розвитку поняття «безпека» та «економічна безпека держави». Запропоновано власне бачення поняття «безпека». Розглянуто характеристику сутності поняття «економічна безпека». Запропоновано розглядати економічну безпеку як стан, при якому система може ефективно розвиватися та протидіяти негативному впливу чинників зовнішнього та внутрішнього середовища. В умовах посилення негативного впливу зовнішніх і внутрішніх загроз, доведено важливість визначення сутності поняття «економічна безпека держави». Проведено морфологічний аналіз сутності поняття «економічна безпека держави». За результатами проведеного аналізу, узагальнено і запропоновано розглядати економічну безпеку держави як стан захищеності національних економічних інтересів, при якому здійснюється ефективна протидія негативному впливу загроз і досягається задоволення усіх потреб суспільства. In the context of globalization processes in the world, issues of countering threats and dangers of the state’s economic security are particularly acute. Today, the existing problems in ensuring the economic security of the state are becoming obstacles in enhancing economic growth, restructuring the economy and ensuring the development of a competitive environment within the state and beyond. Given all this, a thorough study of the essence of the concept of «economic security of the state» today is especially relevant. The historical aspects of the development of the concepts of «security» and «economic security of the state» are considered. According to theresults of our analysis of the historical aspects of the economic security of the state, it can be argued that security as one of the scientific areas, never stands still and is constantly developing. More and more scientists devote their work to the problems of ensuring this type of security. The concept of «security» should be considered as a state in which the object is in a state of absence of threats and dangers, and can freely pursue its own duality. An important element of the concept of «security» is its economic component. Understanding the importance of the concept of «economic security» came with the advent of the state and institutions of power. A personal vision of the concept of «security» is proposed. The characteristics of the essence of the concept of «economic security» are considered. It is intended to consider economic security as a condition in which a system can effectively develop and counteract the negative impact of its external and internal environment. In the face of increasing negative impact of external and internal threats, the importance of determining the essence of the concept of «economic security of the state» has been proved. A morphological analysis of the essence of the concept of «economic security of the state». According to the results of the analysis, it is generalized and proposed to consider the economic security of the state as such a state of protection of national economic interests in which there is an effective counteraction to the negative influence of threats and to achieve the satisfaction of all the needs of society. In view of the existing crisis phenomen both inside our country and in the world, the study of the nature and the main features of the economic security of the state is a fundamental factor in ensuring competitiveness, development of social institutions and necessary restructuring of the national economy.