Ознаки службової особи у кримінальному праві України

Abstract

Критично проаналізовано зміст понять виконання функцій представника влади або місцевого самоврядування, організаційно-розпорядчих функцій та адміністративно-господарських функцій, що є ознаками службової особи як суб’єкта кримінального правопорушення за кримінальним законодавством України. Встановлено недоліки використання відповідних термінів, а також обґрунтовано пропозиції щодо вдосконалення визначення поняття службової особи у Кримінальному кодексі України. Introduction. In spite of defnitude of the concept of public offcial directly in Criminal Code of Ukraine, its defnition makes many diffculties. As the result there is an absence of the only approach concerning interpretation of context and amount of the concept in theory as well as ambiguous applying of relevant criminal and legal norms in enforcement practice. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to fnd out the subject matter of public offcial, as well as preparation of improvement of defnition of the public offcial notion in criminal legislation. Results. Persons, that implement functions of a representative of authority or local self-administration, should also be referred as persons empowering the rights from state and its bodies; municipalities, bodies of local self-government make demands and solve problems, which are necessary for implementation by external respondents (entities, that are not subordinate by position and legal entities) and also implement from state, its bodies, bodies of local self-government enforcement measures in case of violations of legal norms. Organizational and regulatory functions should be exclusively considered as functions of administration working with employees that are implemented by person’s availability to make orders, instructions, commands, take encouragement and penalty measures referring to them. Administrative and economic functions should be perceived as functions of administration or disposal of other people’s property. Conclusion. Based on the research the author suggests to apply the defned term of public offcial instead of terms "an individual fulflling functions of representative of authority or local self-government" "organizational and regulatory function" and "administrative and economic functions", terms "an individual empowered fulflling state functions or local self-government", "functions concerning administration of work with employees" and "functions of administration and disposal of other people’s property" accordingly.