Недержавне пенсійне забезпечення в Україні: ідентифікація загроз та викликів

Abstract

Розкрито сутність та структуровано ризики у системі недержавного пенсійного забезпечення. Виділено виклики безпеці суб’єктам недержавного пенсійного забезпечення. Розроблено класифікацію загроз безпеці суб’єктам недержавного пенсійного забезпечення. Визначено, що залежно від різних чинників, загрози, які впливають на безпеку окремого недержавного пенсійного фонду, можуть змінюватися. Доведено, що подальші наукові пошуки мають зосереджуватися на особливостях ризикорієнтованого підходу для суб’єктів недержавного пенсійного забезпечення. Under modern conditions, the state of the pension system is critically problematic, complex, and nontransparent in terms of fnancial flows, social justice, and security. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the main security threats to the subjects of non-state pension provision in Ukraine. The essence of risk in the system of non-state pension provision is revealed and their structuring is suggested (inefcient diversifcation of pension assets into proftable fnancial instruments, probability of loss of funds due to the poor investment of non-state pension funds; small amounts of fnancial resources of non-state pension funds). Security challenges to the subjects of non-state pension provision are singled out and substantiated (ineffective reforms in the fnancial and economic sphere; global crisis processes; legal contradictions in the regulation of fnancial and economic relations; defcit of internal fnancial resources of the state; aging of the nation with an increasing number of pensioners) The threats to the activities of non-state pension providers are explained as a set of actions, conditions, and factors that create a situation that is dangerous for an individual entity, destructively affecting the non-state pension system. The classifcation of security threats to the subjects of non-state pension provision has been developed: the place of origin (external and internal); the degree of openness to the non-state pension fund obvious, due to market (economic and legal) laws; latent (implicit); there is a loss of a signifcant part of the material and fnancial resources, signifcant – the loss of competitive advantage, and it is impossible to continue the activities of pension provision. Based on the analysis, it is determined that depending on various factors, the threats that impact the security of a particular non-state pension fund may change. Further research should focus on the features of a risk-based approach for non-state pension providers.