Особливості запобігання та протидії домашньому насильству щодо дітей в умовах воєнного стану

Abstract

Домашнє насильство є одним із таких явищ, що в період військової агресії лише загострюється, водночас може залишатися невидимим або мати неналежний рівень реагування з боку суспільства внаслідок багатьох причин. Проблема домашнього насильства не нова. Особливо це стосується саме дітей та підлітків. Проте, як і до війни, так і наразі, діти – свідки домашнього насильства далеко не завжди визнаються потерпілими. Потерпілими їх визнають лише в тому випадку, коли фізичне насильство безпосередньо було спрямоване проти дитини. Що, адже, дитина, яка стала свідком домашнього насильства, очевидно, є неправильним, адже дитині, яка стала свідком домашнього насильства, як мінімум вже була спричинена шкода, зокрема її психічному здоровʼю. Domestic violence is one such phenomenon that only worsens in the period of military aggression, while it can remain invisible or have an inadequate level of response from society due to many reasons. The problem of domestic violence is not new. This is especially true for children and teenagers. However, just as before the war, so now, children who witness domestic violence are not always recognized as victims. They are recognized as victims only if physical violence was directly directed against the child. Which, after all, a child who has witnessed domestic violence is obviously wrong, because a child who has witnessed domestic violence has at least already been harmed, in particular to his mental health. Domestic violence is one of the most frequent offenses of an administrative or criminal nature, which are committed in individual families of Ukraine almost every day. Nevertheless, social pressure is so powerful that many victims perceive violence as something completely normal and inevitable in their lives. It is because of this that victims of domestic violence, including children, usually do not report it to any relevant institutions and do not ask for help, because, as they say, they do not want to "take the garbage out of the house" in order to preserve "the family ". Other victims who found the strength and courage to seek help from the authorities are sometimes sent back, not taken seriously. In the activities of the National Police of Ukraine, attention is paid to the organization and implementation of measures aimed at preventing offenses and crimes committed by children; preventive work among minors. Taking into account the socio-economic situation in the state, the crime prevention system is being improved. Based on the social priorities and democratic values of the society, the conditions under which this activity will be carried out in the future are determined. Children remain the most unprotected from domestic violence both before the war and during martial law. A child very often cannot independently identify violence against himself. Signs of abuse can include withdrawal, anxiety, fear, unbalanced behavior, learning problems, low self-esteem, a tired, sickly appearance, aggressiveness, suicide attempts, depressive disorders, etc. The war adds to this the loss of the usual way of life, the uncertainty of the future, the traumatic experience of shelling, evacuation, displacement, etc.