Психологічні характеристики дауншифтінгу як соціально-психологічного феномена

Abstract

Подано характеристики дауншифтингу як соціально-психологічного явища. Охарактеризовано основні причини та наслідки дауншифтингу для працівників. Детально описано позитивні та негативні наслідки, а також основні ризики дауншифтингу. Висвітлено основні види дауншифтерів відпо-відно до виду дауншифтингу. The article presents the substantial characteristics of downshifting as a so-cio-psychological phenomenon. The authors describe the main causes and conse-quences of downshifting for workers. Among these reasons the authors distinguish the desire to spend more time with family, the desire for harmonious living, different personal goals and responsi-bilities, the desire to present themselves as much as possible, deterioration of health, high level of stress reassessment, excessive workload. The main reason for the rejec-tion of the career is the desire to get out of life and reduce your stress level. The characteristic of the main indicators of lifestyle, such as employment, fi-nancial status, consumption, political opinions, religious beliefs, health, education, future plans, satisfaction with the new lifestyle, leisure, etc. are presented in the article. The positive and negative effects of downshifting and major risks of down-shifting are described in details. The disadvantages of downshifting are the reaction of friends to such chang-es, the «syndrome of the end of war» – aggravation of chronic illness, loss of a sub-stantial part of the income; conflicts with family and colleagues, reducing comfort, rejection of modern medicine. The main dangers of downshifting for workers are the employer’s loss of confidence and reduced earnings. Main kinds of downshifters according to the type of downshifting are de-scribe in the article, such as freelancer, classic downshifters, untrue-downshifters, forced downshifters.