Роль та місце Державної служби України з надзвичайних ситуацій у вирішенні кризових ситуацій, що загрожують національній безпеці

Abstract

Сформульовано концептуальні положення визначення ролі та місця Державної служби України з надзвичайних ситуацій у вирішенні кризових ситуацій, що загрожують національній безпеці, а також виокремлено основні проблеми, що знижують ефективність діяльності Державної служби України з надзвичайних ситуацій у вирішенні кризових ситуацій у зазначеній сфері управління. Результати розгляду запропоновано використовувати і у сучасній правовій науці, і у практиці реформування сектора безпеки і оборони країни. The conceptual provisions for determining the role and place of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine (hereinafter – SES) in solving crisis situations that threaten national security, and the main problems that reduce the effectiveness of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine activity in this sphere have been outlined in this article. It has been noted, that the separated measures to determine the role and place of the SES in solving of crises situations threatening national security, should be the next: the review of the Action Plan for the implementation of the Concept of Risk Management for Man-made and Natural Emergencies for 2015–2020, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine from March 25, 2015, № 419-р in the direction of identifying those emergencies that, by the level of losses and other factors, can be considered as threatening the national security; specifying the executives staff for the specified Plan; determination and approval by the governmental decision the algorithm of entities actions, that provide the risk management process in crisis situations that threaten national security; implementation of the Seveso III 2012/18/EC provision of the European Parliament and of the Council of the EU from 4 July 2012 «On the Control of Major Accidents Related to Hazardous Substances»; carrying out further scientific researches on the risk management process and crisis situations threatening national security. The results of the consideration should be used both in modern law science and in the practice of reforming the country’s security and defense sector. It has been emphasized, that the system of subjects of responding to crisis situations, threatening the national security of Ukraine, should eventually cover all components of the security and defense sector, including the State Emergency Service of Ukraine. Within the framework of measures for reforming the security and defense sector, a special attention has been drawn to the need to review the permanent practice of civil protection and to determination the State Emergency Service of Ukraine as a separate subject for resolving crisis situations that threaten national security. As one of the main measures of reform has been recognized the development and implementation of the conceptual bases for managing the risks of emergencies of different nature, the ratio of tasks and functions of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine for preventing and elimination the consequences of emergencies and crisis, threatening national security. It has been proposed to identify those emergency situations that, by the level of losses and other factors, can be considered as threatening national security, to specify the executives staff for the implementation of emergencies management plan, to identify and approve by the government decision the algorithms of the entities actions, which provide the risk management process in crisis situations, threatening the national security.