Можливість застосування амністії до осіб, які на момент набрання чинності закону про амністію не мають статусу засудженого

Abstract

Вивчено можливість застосування амністії до осіб, які на момент набрання чинності закону про амністію не мають статусу засудженого. Здійснено аналіз цього питання на основі дослідження судових рішень за аналогічними категоріями справ, у яких є неоднакове застосування закону. Зроблено висновок, що фактично Закон України «Про внесення змін до деяких законів України щодо застосування амністії в Україні» від 6 травня 2015 року № 1246-VII уможливив застосування амністії до осіб, які на момент набрання чинності закону про амністію на відповідний рік ще не мають статусу засудженого. Amnesty is an act of forgiveness, discovery of humanism and mercy regarding a convicted person, on the basis of which the person is exempted from punishment or enduring the part of the punishment. Given the fact that such a legal act of forgiveness is an important and serious «act» on the part of the state, the grounds for the application of the amnesty should be clearly defined, and the unequal application of the law is inadmissible. However, the practice still shows a different understanding of the rules of the law on amnesty, followed by the adoption of various procedural decisions in similar situations. In the article the possibility of applying the amnesty to persons who do not have the status of convicted persons at the moment of enactment of the amnesty law is studied. This analysis is based on the research of court decisions on similar categories of cases, in which a different application of the law occurs. The Law of Ukraine «On the Application of Amnesty» dated October 1, 1996, № 392/96-ВР, defining the general principles for the application of the amnesty, as amended on June 2, 2011, provided for the possibility of applying the amnesty only to the persons who committed crimes before the enactment of the amnesty law (except of a conditional amnesty) and for which there is a conviction, regardless of the fact of entry into force. However, the adoption of the Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to Some Laws of Ukraine on the Application of Amnesty in Ukraine» dated May 6, 2015, № 1246-VII, made it possible to apply the amnesty to persons who have not yet had the status of a convicted person at the moment of enactment of the amnesty law for the relevant year, namely, regarding which a pretrial investigation continues. Thus, the practice of the courts in regard to the refusal to satisfy the petition of individuals for the amnesty to be applied to them in connection with the fact that at the moment of enactment of the Law of Ukraine on amnesty for the relevant year they did not have the status of a convicted person should be considered as contrary to the Law of Ukraine № 392/96-ВР dated October 1, 1996 (taking into account the adoption of the Law of Ukraine «On Amending Some Laws of Ukraine on the Application of Amnesty in Ukraine» dated May 6, 2015, № 1246-VII).