Правова природа та процесуальний порядок умовно-дострокового звільнення від відбування покараня

Abstract

Досліджено питання щодо визначення поняття та правової природи інституту умовно-дострокового звільнення від відбування покарання як комплексного правового інституту, матеріальні підстави та формальні передумови такого звільнення. Розкрито процесуальний порядок умовно-дострокового звільнення від відбування покарання, зокрема проаналізовано проблеми визначення процесуального статусу окремих учасників розгляду такого питання, особливості предмета доказування та джерел доказів. Розглянуто наявні теоретичні та практичні проблеми, які пов’язані з розглядом і вирішенням питань про умовно-дострокове звільнення (далі – УДЗ) від відбування покарання, зокрема наявні колізійні норми законодавства, та запропоновано способи їх вирішення. The article examines certain issues regarding the concept and legal nature of the institute of a parole from serving a punishment and the reasons of such release. In particular, it is specified that a parole from serving a sentence is a type of a release from serving a punishment and is a separate institute which directly reflects the principles of criminal law. It is the possibility of a parole from punishment that creates the convicts’ desire for correction and re-socialization. The importance of application of a parole from serving a sentence is primarily a manifestation of a particular trust. The article analyzes the provisions of Article 81 of the criminal code of Ukraine, the grounds and the conditions of application of which are the facts; that the convicted proves his correction by decent behaviour and attitude to work; and has actually served at least half of the term of punishment imposed by the court for a crime of minor or medium gravity, excepting corruption crimes as well as for a reckless felony; at least two thirds of the sentence imposed by the court for corruption crime of not aggravated nature , a wilfull felony or a nonnegligent felony; and in case if a person has previously served a sentence in the form of deprivation of liberty for a premeditated offence and till the expire or a sentence release commits an intentional crime for a second time and is sentenced to deprivation of liberty; no less than three quarters of the term of punishment imposed by the court for a deliberate grave offence, and the punishment prescribed to the person who is previously released on parole and commits a deliberate crime another time during the unserved term of punishment. The article examines the features of the procedure of a parol from serving a punishment, and, in particular, analyzes the procedural status of the parties of the proceeding as well as outlines as the theoretical and practical problems associated with it. It is found out that there exists conflicts between the norms of criminal procedure and criminal-executive legislation regarding the possibility of the convicted to appeal personally to the court for the issue of a parole from serving a sentence and other matters concerning the activities of the court and other participants in the proceedings at this stage, which up till now remain unsolved and require improvement.