Проблеми застосування домашнього арешту в кримінальному провадженні

Abstract

Розглянуто поняття, суть та основні проблемні питання, що виникають під час виконання домашнього арешту як запобіжного заходу в кримінальному судочинстві. З огляду на аналіз домашнього арешту порушено проблему неоднакової практики його застосування. Також проаналізовано основні позитивні та негативні сторони цього запобіжного заходу та надано рекомендації для його вдосконалення. Зроблено пропозицію про необхідність створення окремої бази даних щодо обліку осіб, до яких застосовано домашній арешт. The concept, the essence and the main issues arising in the execution of home arrest as a preventive measure in criminal proceedings are considered in the article. According to the analysis of decisions on rejection of granting the petitions on home arrest it is found that the main reason for taking such decisions by the investigating judges was establishing in the course of the examination the application on failure to prove the circumstances provided by p. p. 1-3 p. 1 art. 194 of Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine by prosecutor, and especially failure to prove the presence of risks identified by art. 177 of Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine in criminal proceedings. The main issues on the implementation ofdecisions of investigating judge, of the court on the charging of home arrest by the National Police include the following: the basic information that the decision of home arrest should include is not clarified; a clear responsible entity for the fulfillment of the decision on records of suspects, the accused, who are under home arrest is not provided; time of monitoring the behavior of the suspect, the accused, who is under home arrest is not defined; the frequency of visiting the suspect, the accused, who is under home arrest is not defined; the lack of a unified database of the Ministry of Internal Affairs on the records of suspects, the accused, who are under home arrest; long period of time between the sending by court and receiving the decision on approval of a preventive measure in the form of home arrest by the authority of the National Police, especially when the court is not local. Currently there does not exist a single system (database) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs on the records of suspects, the accused, who are under home arrest, which greatly burdens the work of the competent departments of the National Police of Ukraine. In general, it is concluded that home arrest is more humane preventive measure compared to detention, its implementation is progressive for Ukrainian legislation, but the practice of its implementation will be effective only after detailed legal regulation of the implementation of preventive measure in the norms of Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine, as well as by using departmental regulatory acts.