Тенденції використання в діяльності правоохоронних органів біометричних технологій, які не входять до "трьох великих біометрик"

Abstract

Розглянуто сучасні тенденції використання в системах захисту інформації біометричних технологій, які не входять до «трьох великих біометрик», а саме: ідентифікації за ДНК, за зображенням кисті руки, за малюнком вен долоні або пальця руки, за термограмою обличчя, за формами вушних раковин, за запахом, за голосом, за підписом, за клавіатурним почерком, шляхом аналізу біоелектричної активності мозку та надано пропозиції щодо їх використання в правоохоронних органах України. The article deals with the modern trends of application of biometric technologies that are not part of the «three major biometrics» in the systems of information protection. Some biometric techniques are applied traditionally and some are still considered exotic. «Three major biometrics» are distinguished, in terms of prevalence of biometric techniques, namely, by fingerprint identification, geometry of the face and iris. Such techniques are applied in the information security systems to much lesser extent in addition to «three major biometrics». The identification is carried out by retina, DNA, the geometry of the hand, vein pattern palm or fingers, facial thermogram, forms of ears, smell, voice, signature, handwriting keyboard, analysis of the bioelectrical activity of the brain. The introduction of the advanced biometric technology is a matter of the near future. It is necessary to determine which of these technologies are the most suitable for application in law enforcement bodies in terms of reliability and in terms of economic affordability. Having considered the advantages and disadvantages, and existing practical implementation of these technologies, we concluded that the identification carried out by the geometry of the hand, vein pattern palm or fingers, and by the voice can be recommend for practical application in law enforcement bodies of Ukraine. The identification carried out by the geometry of the hand is based on the construction of three-dimensional image of the hand. The examples of the successful application of this method exist, inspite of very high reliability. The identification carried out by pattern of vein palm or fingers for reliability is comparable with identification by the iris, but requires less expensive equipment. Voice identification can recognize a person distantly and secretly. The advantages of this method is low cost and lack of psychological discomfort during authentication.