Поняття рецидиву злочинів за кримінальним правом України

Abstract

Досліджено зміст та обсяг поняття рецидиву злочинів. Із законодавчого визначення рецидиву злочинів виокремлено такі його ознаки як: 1) вчинення двох або більше злочинів; 2) усі злочини у межах рецидиву є умисними; 3) злочини, які утворюють рецидив відокремлені один від одного певним періодом; 4) на момент вчинення нового злочину особа має судимість за поперед- ній злочин (злочини) не характеризують особливостей рецидиву злочинів, які відрізняють його від повторності. Адже повторністю може бути визнано і вчинення нового злочину особою, що має судимість за попередній злочин. The context and scale of the concept repetition are researched in the article. It also examined that according to legislative definition of repetition such its characteristics as: 1) committing two or more offences; 2) all offences within the repetition are malicious; 3) offences, that form repetition are separated from each other by the certain period of time; 4) at the moment of committing a new offence, person was convicted for the previous offence (offences) arenʼt characterized the peculiarities of repetition, that distinguish it from repeat. As committing new crime by the person, who was already convinced for the committing the crime previously could be recognized as repeat. A few crucial issues concerning repetition are underlined in the paper. One ofwhich is that all crimes within repetition are malicious. The concept of repetition according to the article 34 of Criminal Code of Ukraine, limits it only by the examples of committing new crime by person, who is convinced for malicious crimes. Committing one or a few new careless crimes after committing malicious crimes before or committing new malicious crime after committing careless crimes before donʼt create a new malicious repetition. Unlike actual repeated crimes, in case of repetition of before committed malicious crime the certain person has to be convicted. Repetition consists of committing a crime by the subject convinced for committing one or a few malicious crimes not being cleared or removed conviction concerning committing previous crime. If conviction for committing previous crime is cleared or removed according to the law repetition is excluded. It also emphasized the point that if the law doesnʼt distinguish repetition as characteristic of corpus delicti, but provides increasing of responsibility if repeated, then repeated of committing a crime by before convinced person is considered as repeat.