Виникнення та розвиток державної служби на теренах України. Історія й сучасність

Abstract

Проведено порівняльний аналіз думок науковців щодо історичних етапів розвитку державної служби в Україні. Визначено та розібрано основні проблеми реформування державної служби в 2000-х роках, а також розглянуто її реформування після підписання Угоди про асоціацію між Україною, з одного боку, та Європейським Союзом, Європейським співтовариством з атомної енергії та їхніми державами–членами, з іншого. The article deals with the historical stages of the creation and development of public service in different times of the existence of the Ukrainian State, in particular, from times of KyivanRus to nowadays. Comparative analysis of the opinions of scientists on the historical stages of the development of public service in Ukraine is carried out. The main problems of reforming the public service in 2000s are determined and analyzed. Reformation of public service after signing of the association agreement between Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and their member states, on the other hand, is considered. Success of public and legal reform in the state depends on the reasonable and sensible transformations in one of the central institutional structures, that is public service – in the sense of a certain circle of persons – the competence of which includes execution of tasks of the state. In our opinion, research of the genesis of public service and legal status of its employees will contribute to solve the basic issues and the ways of their solution. Development and establishment of public service is caused by formation of the state as an integral structure, rather than need of management of the state and state-building processes. A special feature of public service is its inalienability from the development of the state, herewith public service inherits all the characteristics of the state, displays the state of statehood, and it is improved and structured together with the development of the state. In the modern legislation understanding of public service has changed conceptually: at first a great attention was paid to implementation of tasks and functions of the state in the form of discharge of official duties within the activities of all state structures, now it is provision of public, professional, political and impartial activities concerning practical exercise of tasks and functions of the state, for example: provision of accessible and qualitative administrative services.