Свобода і відповідальність у правоохоронній діяльності: філософсько-правовий аналіз: автореферат

Abstract

Дисертація є першою у вітчизняній правовій науці спробою із філософсько-правових позицій розкрити сутність принципів свободи і відповідальності у правоохоронній діяльності. Обґрунтовано методологію філософії права, що дало змогу вивчити втілення єдності і взаємозумовленості свободи і відповідальності у правоохоронній діяльності в межах засад онтології, гносеології, аксіології, праксеології та антропології. Запропоновано трактування свободи і відповідальності як взаємно доповнюваних концептуальних складових правоохоронної діяльності, зважаючи на те, що свобода зумовлює відповідальність, а відповідальність корелює свободу. Доведено, що маркером правоохоронної діяльності є рівень утілення свободи і відповідальності у формуванні громадянського суспільства, правотворенні й державотворенні. Дістало подальший розвиток дослідження окремих аксіологічно-антропологічних концептів правоохоронної діяльності, структура яких ґрунтується на гуманістичних загальнолюдських цінностях, зокрема на принципах свободи і відповідальності. Розвинуто інтерпретації підходів до принципів свободи і відповідальності як соціально-правових феноменів, що формують світоглядну структуру правоохоронної діяльності.The dissertation research is the first in the domestic legal science attempt to philosophical and legal positions reveal the essence of the principles of freedom and responsibility in law enforcement. Based methodology of philosophy of law, which made it possible to study the embodiment of unity and interdependence of freedom and responsibility of law enforcement activities within the foundations of ontology, epistemology, axiology, praxeology and anthropology. A treatment of freedom and responsibility as a complement of the conceptual components of law enforcement, taking into account their common denominator: Freedom begets responsibility, and the responsibility correlates freedom. It is proved that a marker is the level of law enforcement, the embodiment of freedom and responsibility in the formation of civil society, law-making and public. Improved categorical apparatus philosophical and legal discourse on two dimensions embodiment of freedom and responsibility of law enforcement: theoretical and practical. Both aspects are reduced to the actualization of unity principles of freedom and responsibility especially in law enforcement, despite the fact that the responsibility is integral to the price of freedom. Assad received further development and law-making in the context of the current state vector of European integration as critical a structural element which undoubtedly is the embodiment of the experience of implementation of freedom and responsibility of law enforcement. In general themes of freedom and responsibility in law enforcement updated in terms of the proclamation of individual freedom as the basic values of the State granting it priority among other principles of a constitutional state. On the other hand, there is freedom in the way state that within the law not only establishes rights and freedoms, but also does not allow violation of that person freedom of others. Epistemological dimension declared in the theme of our work problems allows logical structure “choice – freedom – responsibility”, in which each individual link has consistently linked to another, and all interdependent. However, this structure also provides two distinct substructures: a) “need – freedom” as an expression of the relationship between human activity and objective laws of society and nature; b) “freedom – responsibility” as an expression of the relationship between free (relatively) human behavior and demands of society responsible for its consequences. One of the principles of liability law enforcement officers is also its inevitability, or inevitability. Reliance on identity-police officer any kind of restrictions, prohibitions and sanctions is only possible if the finding of guilt in court and use it on coercive measures specified in the law. The principle of inevitability of liability is realized depending on the performance and progress in law enforcement, first of all it concerns the work of the police, prosecutors and courts. One of the important factors raises its timeliness, compliance with statutory limitations. In addition, while laying responsibility on the police officer must take into account such principles as appropriateness and humanism. To achieve the efficiency of law enforcement, mandatory direct participation of every citizen, not just law enforcement bodies. In that targeting becomes possible legal and effective legal society, which is the unifying link between citizens and the state. In general, the relationship in the context of the subject of our study, characterized by a purely subjective legal rights and responsibilities, which are supported by state coercion by the state authorities. For internal structure willed relationship with nature, which means that they are created and managed not only will business and freedom and responsibility that prevents abuse of power and distribution of illegal actions law enforcement