Сучасний стан розрахунків інтегрального індексу економічної безпеки

Abstract

Висвітлено сучасну систему індикаторів за складовими економічної безпеки, що використовується для визначення інтегрального індексу. Наголошено, що система окремих індикаторів недосконала, орієнтована переважно на показники розвитку торгівлі і фінансової безпеки, а не на розвиток реального сектора економіки, від якого залежать поліпшення практично всіх торгових і фінансових показників. З цього приводу звернуто увагу на теорію про базис та надбудову, розроблену класиками політичної економії. The article highlights the modern system of indicators for components of economic security, which are used to determine the integral index. The integral index of economic security consists of weighted average subindices (components of economic security). The integrated assessment of economic security is calculated in the following order: formation of the set (list) of indicators; estimate of characteristic values of indicators; valuation of indicators; determination of weighted coefficients; calculation of integral indices for certain spheres of the economy and the integral index of economic security as a whole. The article points out that the system of individual indicators is imperfect, and is focused mainly on development indicators of trade and financial security rather than on the development of the real sector of the economy, which contributes to the improvement of practically all trade and financial indicators. For example, this system of indicators does not show such indicators of production activity as the number of employed people, and the number of people working outside Ukraine. Many indicators are relatively comparable to those of other countries, which may change due to deterioration or improvement of relevant indicators in other countries. All this has led to the fact that Ukraine has the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade, and has commercial activities that are accompanied by a constant rise in prices, but that the real sector of the economy, whose security has depended mainly on foreign trade and the situation on the world market with its crises and financial pyramids, is poorly developed. In this regard, it makes sense to draw attention to the theory of base and superstructure developed by the classical school of political economy. The base refers to a system of economic relations working with productive social forces. Superstructure refers to the whole system of social and spiritual relations. Changes in one of the structures lead to certain transformations in other structures. Having divested oneself of the influence of chrematistics, it is advisable to form a system of key indicators that are needed to determine the state of the real economy and national interests, as well as current and strategic threats to these interests.