Характеристика продовольчого ринку країни та його вплив на продовольчу безпеку

Abstract

Охарактеризовано продовольчий ринок країн та його вплив на продовольчу безпеку. Досліджено продовольчий ринок країн через оцінку продовольчої безпеки за такими показниками, як добова енергетична цінність раціону людини, забезпечення раціону людини основними видами продуктів, достатність запасів зерна у державних ресурсах, економічна доступність продуктів, диференціація вартості харчування за соціальними групами, ємність внутрішнього ринку окремих продуктів, продовольча незалежність за окремим продуктом. Визначено, що рівень продовольчого забезпечення є важливим елементом у державній політиці в сучасних умовах. The food market ofthe states and its impact on food security is characterized in the article. Food market of states is examined through the assessment of food security by such indicators as: daily energy value of the human diet, provision of human diet with the main types of products, sufficient stocks of grain supplies in the state resources, economic accessibility of products, differentiation of food value according to social groups, the individual products capacity of the domestic market, food independence for the individual product. It is determined that solution of the general problem of food security provision in Ukraine as a component of economic security, is defined as one of the most important areas of national security of Ukraine. The economic sphere is entrusted with the task to implement vital national interests aimed at providing the population with quality food. In Ukraine the present stage of agro-industrial development, which is entrusted with this important task, is characterized by its existence in the crisis. This is reflected in the destabilization and decline of agro-industrial production, its disparity deepening, a huge number of low-profit and unprofitable enterprises, unsettled legislation, increase of consumer prices and decrease of population’s purchasing capacity. In such circumstances, there is a real threat of food security of the state that negatively affects national security as a whole. It is found that the level of food provision is an important element of state policy in modern conditions. For Ukraine food security is not only the condition for the preservation of the sovereignty and independence, but also the factor of support of conditions of national and regional food markets, which ensure an adequate level of balanced diet and effective development of trade food and raw relations, the increase of export orientation ofagro-industrial complex.